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Francis Bacon
"The work of the artist is always to deepen the mystery."
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Glossary



of Art



GALLERY

Sheet of acanthus (size).


Drawing of sheet of acanthus.


Baldaquino of San Pedro.
City of the Vaticano.1633.
Gian Lorenzo Bernini



TIES

GLOSSARY OF ART

A:: B:: C:: D:: AND:: F:: G:: H:: I:: J:: K:: L:: LL:: M
N:: Ñ:: OR:: P:: Q:: R:: S:: T:: OR:: V:: W:: X:: AND:: Z




  • Abaco: Piece in the shape of slat that is located on the equine one and finishes off the capital.

  • Apse: Part of the church placed in the head. It can have semicircular or polygonal plant. Often it is covered by ovenproof vault.

  • Academician: Who abides by considered norms like classic. It is said, also of the works correct and canonical, but lacking in inspiration or that repeat without creativity topics and traditional norms.

  • Acanthus: It plants with whose sculpted sheets were adorning the Corinthian and compound capitals, and sometimes some frames.

  • Acrótera: Ornament that finishes off the apexes of a pediment. It has form of cane.

  • Adobe: Mass of clay or clayish ground often mixed with straw dried to the sun and without cooking. It is used like building material.

  • Alfiz: Frame highlighted in the wall that, in the Arab architecture, frames the arches of doors and windows.

  • Tiled: Embellishment consisting of a revetment of floor tiles of polygonal or starred form, monochrome or decorated.

  • Padded: Ornament constituted by ashlars which rims are re-sunk in relation to the faces.

  • Alveolate: To see enamel.

  • Elevation: Representation without perspective of a building as a vertical plane perpendicular to the base of the above mentioned building.

  • Antefija: Embellishment in the shape of cane head placed in the rim of the tile do to conceal the end of a tier of tiles.

  • Aparejo:Forma in that there get ready the elements used in the construction of the wall.

  • Applied, arts: To see Decorative arts.

  • Arabesque: Embellishment by means of complex interlaced geometric drawings.

  • Flying buttress: Exterior arch that describes a quarter of circumference and whose mission is that of resisting the propulsions of the vaults of the ships of a building.

  • Arch: Element sustentante destined to liberate a more or less big space by means of a generally curved trajectory. The constitutive elements of the arch are:
    > The voussoirs or pieces in the shape of wedge which low surface gets the name of intradós for contrast to the top surface that is named a backfill or extradós.
    > The key or central voussoir of the arches.
    > The salmeres or voussoirs of the ends of the arch.
    > The kidneys or part delimited by the first one and the second third of the arrow of the arch.
    > The thread or space understood between the backfill and in intradós of the arch. The projecting frame that usually exists under the salmeres and in which the jambs are finished off in the fascia. The way of being ready the voussoirs is the quartering of the arch that is radial when the above mentioned voussoirs continue the radioes of the same center or enjarjado when they get ready horizontally up to a certain height. The most usual types of arches are:

  • Armor: In architecture, structure of iron or wood destined to support or to reinforce a construction. The parhilera Armor is that that consists of a series of beams or pairs arranged obliquely whose low ends support straight on the wall or on other beams called crossbeams. The head of the pairs supports in a top horizontal beam, called tier that forms the angle of the covering, necessary to two waters. To resist the excessive propulsion towards the wings, there are placed often a few transverse pieces, called suspenders.

  • Arquería:Hilera of arches.

  • Archivolt: Frontal face of an arch when it is decorated. In plural archivolts are one with together of arches that form a front especially Romanesque or Gothic.

  • Artesonado:Techo of wood to the overdraft in the shape of inverted trough.

  • Ataurique: vegetable decoration stylized, inspired in to the acanthus classic and much used in the art califal of Cordoba.

  • Avispero:Técnica of sculpture with which there are obtained works of meticulous execution and retailer by means of the employment of the trephine.

  • I tile: Tile or glazed piece to cover surfaces.

  • Baldaquino:Dosel on columns that an altar or a grave covers.

  • Lombard band: Pilasters lengthened lightly projecting of the wall, which they form series with others generally joined for his part Superior by means of a few series of arquillos blind person, also called natives of Lombardy.

  • Basement: In architecture part goes down a building in general of compact and massive aspect. In sculpture I combine of plinth and base under the shaft of the column.

  • Bitumen: Brown coloring by means of bitumen.

  • Inn: Just as still life pictorial genre that presents a composition by means of inanimate beings (dead, vegetable animals, things).

  • Vault: Work of factory that describes a circle arch and serves to cover spaces understood between walls or props.

  • Round bundle: It is applied in sculpture to the figures executed in three dimensions and isolated in the space so that they can be contemplated from any point of view around him.

  • Trestle: Wooden framework with three feet and horizontal support that serves as support to the picture during his execution. By extension the realized one is called a trestle painting on linen for distinguiría of the wall painting.

  • Head: Testero of the church or part in which his principal altar is.

  • Cabujón: Worn out convex precious stone by means of not carved polishing skill.

  • Chalcography: Set of skills to record in hollow on metal irons especially charges. Inside the chalcography it is included in strong water (iron of zinc treated with nitric acid dissolved in water and it ties, every in those parts that had not been protected previously by a barni

  • Chamber of the treasure: Room of limited dimensions that exists in churches of the Asturian art, destined to receive the treasure or jewels of the said church.

  • Cancel:Cerca that in the churches separates the presbytery of the ships. Iconostasis.

  • Canon: Rule of human proportions in accordance with an ideal type.

  • Carbonized Carboncillo:Palillo that is used to draw, serving as soft pencil.

  • Cartel: Work would publicize generally realized on role, that it began to leak out towards the S. XVII. At present, poster is synonymous of cartel.

  • Cartridge: Tape or band imitating cloth or parchment. His extremities are coiled and it takes an epigraph or legend.

  • Casetón: Hollow box that generally is located in the entablamentos and is decorated.

  • Caulículo: In the Corinthian capital, each of the shoots that are born between the acanthus sheets.

  • Ceramics: Art of making vessels or objects with humid clay to which it is cooked to high temperature so that he acquires consistency. It is named a terracotta to the figure done in terracotta.

  • Ciborio: Child baldaquino that was crowning the altar in ancient 105 temple Christians.

  • I block up: Architectural element that has no light.

  • Dome: Construction raised on the cruise of the church that serves as base to the dome. His plant is usually cylindrical.

  • Clair-obscure: Suitable distribution of the lights and the shades both in painting and in sculpture and architecture.

  • Cloister: Quadrangular or rectangular courtyard in which by means of columns four galleries or corridors are opened.

  • Cloisonné: To see enamel.

  • Colors Planos:Colores without mixing distributed in the surface juxtaposed.

  • Colossal: (Order) Variety of the classic orders that develops vertically along the whole height of the building reaching his pilasters and big columns provide.

  • Columna:Soporte of circular plant, which parts are the base the shaft and the capital. The most usual types are:
    balustered: with form of baluster it is the columnita of profile composed by square and curved frames used in embellishment of rails.
    Adosada:adherida to a straight element be already a wall or prop.
    Pareada or geminada: that one which support is constituted by two shafts of equal diameter and height.
    Salomónica: the column of spiral development.

  • Collage: Composition with fragments of diverse materials (colored or printed roles, wooden sheets... clingings on a support.

  • Curved: Curved nerve in the starred vaults.

  • Composition: Art and skill of distributing harmonically the elements of a work of art: colors masses, volumes you form


  • Buttress: Vertical reinforcement of a wall attached to him to give him resistance.

  • Cornucopia: Ornamental mythological symbol that represents a horn of goat brimming with fruits, flowers, sheets... Also called horn of the plenty.

  • Crismón or imago clipeata: Monogram of Christ formed by his first two letters in Greek: X and P to those who can add to themselves the letters alpha and omega that represent the beginning and the end of all the things.

  • Covering: System of closing of the top part of a construction. If the way of closing it is flat it is called arquitrabada and if it is curved is domed.

  • Dome: Semispherical vault that, generally, covers a square space. The transition of this space squared, on having circulated of the dome, is realized by means of horns (bóvedillas conical in every angle of the square) and scallops (spherical triangles that do this transition). When it is desirable to obtain a major elevation of the dome called drum makes it rest on a ring.

  • Capital: Pointed auction of towers or domes, generally bulbous, conical or pyramidal.

  • Decorative, Arts: It is designated this way to the painting, sculpture... as soon as that look for an ornamental and decorative effect and not the creation of works of independent value.

  • Dentículo: Decoraci6n in the shape of parallelepiped.

  • Wolf teeth: Architectural decoration in the shape of cubic protrusion or pyramidal trunk.

  • Lintel: Horizontal architectural element that supports a load supporting his ends in the jambs of a vain one.

  • Diptych: Work done in two sheets that can was closing as book. E1 consular diptych is the realized one in ivory in epoch tardorromana set with allusive scenes to the dignity of the consul who had entrusted it.

  • Industrial design: Application of an idea or artistic skill to an activity or industrial product

  • Booth: Small construction in the shape of classic temple on which generally a sculpture was placed.

  • Propulsion: Pressure of a lintel arch vault on the elements that support it.

  • Personified: Skill that consists of covering the wooden images with plaster and applying on him, straight in color in contrast to the stew.

  • Encáustica: Pictorial skill in which the colors deslíen in liquid wax having to, therefore to make itself up in warm.

  • Skinny or hairnet: Space that stays between the arch and the lintel.

  • I interlace: Type of decoration in which the stylized animal and vegetable motives are interwoven of ornamental form.

  • Epigráfica: Decoration realized by means of epigraphs or inscriptions.

  • Scenery: Set of decorative landscape architectural elements that prepare in a work of art to obtain the effect of certain ambience.

  • I foreshorten: Way of representing the figure that in the reality would be ready perpendicularly or obliquely to the plane in which it has been represented.

  • Esgrafiado: Decoration that consists of covering a wall with a light dark plastering and applying on him a new white plastering. When this second plastering is dry, one affects with a sharp-pointed instrument, leaving to the overdraft the dark plastering and there being obtained this way the presence of two colors or tones.

  • Enamel: Brilliant glassy pasta hard and capable of being pulimentada that it is obtained by merger in the stove, between 700 and 850th C, from the dust of enamel that is a glass colored by metallic oxides. The enamel can be opaque and translucent and is applied on ceramics or metal. - Cloisonné. - is an enamel with the surface split into alveoli of metallic plates that shut colored areas up. Also called alveolate.

  • Fish thorn: Bricks work covering a surface to thorn that is to say in diagonal sense not horizontally nor vertically.

  • It stamps: Engraving once it has been reproduced.

  • Estampación:Técnica of printing by means of pictures.

  • Stela: Small monument erected in commemoration of something.

  • Estípite:Elemento in the shape of inverted trunk of pyramid that can have support functions.

  • Stew: Consistent skill in scraping the color applied on surfaces previously gilded doing drawings so that the gold turns out to be placed below.

  • Estrigilo: Species of metallic brush with grooves in the shape of S that the Greeks and Romans were using for (to take from him the oil perspiration - embellishment by means of sinuous grooves in the shape of S.

  • Stucco: Miscellany of dead lime and dust of marble, alabaster or plaster of numerous applications, especially in wall decoration in relief or with painting.

  • Exedra: Quarter of sphere that serves, as element sustained to close fits waxes of some churches or to resist the propulsion of the domes.

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